The sex difference, since its origin in ancient Greek philosophy, has been considered binary and ontologically immutable. Male and female sex exist not only in the human animal (zoe), but sex difference is dominant within the whole living world (bios). Psychoanalysis, denaturalizing sexuality, offers seeing sex as a consequence, not a cause of gender. For Foucault, gender is the epistemic framework of sex, while Butler believes gender “builds” sex. Current debates on transgender continue from these positions, especially regarding the ontological/political status of trans women.

Dušan Maljković, PhD student at the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade, researching the relationship between psychoanalysis and queer theory. Philosophical psychoanalyst in training. Author of numerous scientific and artistic works, as well as human rights projects. Member of the Association of Literary Translators of Serbia and independent cultural worker.