The aim of this publication is to present to a wider audience why the struggle against child poverty is important for a society. This topic is insufficiently discussed in public, yet it should be a priority of every society. Poverty is hereditary in the sense that children born into poverty have a high chance of raising their children in similar conditions. In order to break this cycle, countries should make socio-economic policy to try to reduce the number of children who grow up in poverty. First of all, it is necessary to ensure that children from poorer families have the same chances for quality education that will enable them to achieve the same results as children from rich families. Children from families of lower socio-economic status are much more often functionally illiterate and behind their peers from more affluent families by as much as two school years, according to the results of international testing. There is no investment that pays off more for a society than children. Children who are not materially deprived, who have adequate healthcare and good education are the future productive base of any society, and will contribute to the long-term progress of any country.